Individuality In Daisy Miller And The Love Song Of J....

Individualism in â€Å"Daisy Miller† and â€Å"Prufrock† The two stories â€Å"Daisy Miller: A Study† by Henry James and â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† by T.S. Eliot both express individuality. While â€Å"Daisy Miller: A Study† is a realistic short story and â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† is a modernist poem they convey individuality differently. While the title character in â€Å"Daisy Miller† embraces her individuality by not caring what people think of her, Prufrock is insecure and questions who he is and how people will perceive him. Both characters have detailed traits that express who they are. Daisy appears very confident, outspoken, and has a vivacious personality. On the other hand, Prufrock starts off with an uneasy tone and has a†¦show more content†¦However, Daisy starts up a little argument with him. The narrator states, â€Å"She opened fire upon the mysterious charmer in Genevaâ₠¬  (James 113). Daisy and Winterbourne had only known each other for a few days, so Daisy had no reason to question Winterbourne’s intentions. Through her argument with Winterbourne, Daisy shows herself as being quick tempered, needy, and jealous. During the same argument Daisy states, â€Å"I don’t want you to come for your aunt†¦ I want you to come for me† (James 113). Daisy’s desire to be the center of Winterbourne’s attention makes her jealous of another woman, even if that woman is his relative. She wants to be the only reason Winterbourne goes to Rome. While Daisy is an attention craver, Prufrock is the exact opposite and does not want any attention on him. Prufrock states: And I have known the eyes already, known them all— The eyes that fix you in a formulated phrase, And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin, When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall, Then how should I begin (Eliot 582). Prufrock describes how he feels when all the attention is on him. He feels as if he is on display and believes people will analyze and scrutinize everything about him. He then questions how he should begin a conversation, believing he will be judged. Before Prufrock goes down the stairs, he also states: With a bald spot in the middle of my hair— (They will say: â€Å"How his hair is growing thin!†) My morning

Harpers Bazar As A Fashion Illustration Essay - 1001 Words

My chosen illustration for this image analysis is a fashion illustration from the 20th century called La Cage Improvisà ©e. It was used as the cover for the July 1922 magazine publication of Harper’s Bazar. The cover illustration was accompanied by the title, the year of the publication, and the price of the magazine. â€Å"Bazar assembles photographers, designers, artists and writers to deliver perspectives into the world of fashion and popular culture on a monthly basis† (Georgievska 1). At the beginning of the 20th century Harper’s Bazar published a variety of different columns, from instructional columns on how to tie a bow to pieces on social life. Harper’s Bazar is published by Hearst Magazine Corporation, and is one of oldest and most†¦show more content†¦The reader is able to see part of the garment that is being worn, but the illustration doesn’t inform the viewer about how or when to wear such a garment. â€Å"In his illustratio ns, Ertà © shows the popular gowns and accessories of the season. Although his illustrations are mostly flat and lack detail, the drawings themselves are striking evocations of the temptress type of feminine allure, and are works of art in their own right whose exotic styles are inseparable from the style of the fashions they depict† (Blum 68). The La Cage Improvisà ©e was an example of a highly stylized design of two sinuous women wearing dresses inspired by the stories of Arabian Nights. The dresses are depicted from the side to highlight and exaggerate the fullness of the skirt. The colour, setting and styling of the illustration indicate that the dresses were evening dresses. Evening dresses were typically made of very fine materials, such as silk, chiffon or taffeta. They were often sleeveless or had short sleeves, and featured a waist with layers of fabric to create fullness in the skirt. The hair was often accessorized with a hat or a headband. The classic hat of the 1920s was the cloche hat. Other common styles were the wrapped turban, the straw summer hat and a variety of different headbands. Hats displayed fewer decorations than previously seen but they were still very expressive with either a bow or an art deco shape. Beaded dresses were also very

Instability Vulnerability and Trials of Truth †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Instability Vulnerability and Trials of Truth. Answer: Introduction A variety of abnormal and natural phenomena has been raised because of population growth and steadily increasing industrial development, including acid rain, global warming, and depletion of the ozone layer, which has result in environmental deterioration during the recent few decades, as a result, it has aroused worldwide social attention as one of the largest threats (Abdallah,2016). It is becoming serious for stakeholders to add environmental accounting as a consideration. According to Amiruddin, Environmental accounting is a important aspect since it conveys to the stakeholders of the company about the information that the environment should be protected. It is essential for the companies to engage in environmental management accounting for the sake of meeting the social requirements, in order to achieve environmental sustainability, focusing on technical innovations particularly (Armstrong, 2014). This essay will discuss that the environmental management accounting has been awar ded and concerned crucially by evaluating the benefits and limitations to the business and its stakeholders; also, it should be concerned by management accountants as imperative. There are two main aspects can demonstrate the environmental management accounting has to be considered cautiously The first one is the general awareness of environment consideration and protection, which has been continuing increased during last decades. (Banerjee, 2014) stated that it has generated a broad range of actual and potential accounts of organizational interactions with physical environment and social responsibility caused by the development in the social and environmental reporting system in the environment over the last 40 years. He claimed that accounts of sustainability is a possible topic which may mention by stakeholders during the organizations speaks in 1990s, and it is deliberately or not drew our attention (Burns, Warren Oliveira, 2014). The resources in this world is finite for both environmental and financial, based on this, environmental protection and conservation has been seen as a necessary consideration which generates one aim to encourage ecologically sustainable development, therefore, in order to spend limited environmental budgets efficiently to achieve highest p ossible benefit for the environment, it is obligatory for companies and governments to take it seriously conforming to (Cokins, Cherian Schwer, 2015). The development of environmental awareness for the business is a gradually advancement during the last few decades. (Deegan 2017) related that sustainability has become a leading position for the government future construction and development, since the publication of The Brundtland Report in 1987. After 1987, sustainable development has been recognized as a growing emphasis for the business which is pointed so as to meet the needs the present without accumulatively costing the environment, economic, and society in the future. In other words, the business owners need to meet their own needs based upon reducing the impact on the socio economic and environmental aspects along their lifecycles. However, Nyquist (2016)(secondary from Ensuring Sustainability: A Preliminary Study of EMA, argues that many companies rarely disclose the real information about the environmental issues on the reporting list in their financial calculation systems. Those costs for the environmental care in all pr obability be hidden under overheads (IFAC, 2015). According (DRURY, 2013) to it has been found in most parts that the information about managing accounting information is for internal intention which is virtually beyond the consideration of external use. One option is incorporating the legally-binding with companies performance and intensifying the degree of implementation regulation, which should become the main point of carrying out process the development and implement about environmental management accounting. There are some relevant regulations have been introduced: According to IFAC, a businesss sustainability development acquire the sufficient details about environmental management costs which generated from each operation parts. In 1998, the society for the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) has defined the environmental accounting which means the management of the performance of the environment and economic performance so as to develop and implement appropriate measures relating to the accounting systems. This includes the reporting and auditing of the companies, thus it is typically involved with lifecycle costing and the various benefits of assessment and strategic planning in this case stated from ACCA. The US Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) refers that carrying out the full cost accounting (FCA) is one of the most essential actions should be taken by companies. Fully implementing FCA points out that the costs should be allocated properly with a product or product line no matter it is direct or indirect (Ho, 2014). The Japanese Ministry of the Environments environmental accounting proposes some guidelines which identify the cost categories should include deliberations of business area claims that the significance of social reporting (CSR) and sustainability reporting (SR) has been gradually mattering by more and more companies in recent years. Social reporting is based on legitimacy theory, which has to correspond with various stakeholders expectations and intending to gain the trust of stakeholders therefore obtain better support from them. However, sustainability reporting aims to place more focus on not only meeting the stakeholders expectations, also, caring the social impacts w hich are coasted by the company and considering remain or improve the companys future generations ability at the same time. In addition, sustainability reporting contains the companys general performance in community development, particularly inspecting in companys operation system (Zoni,2017). The limitations of implementing EMA In the present business world, the companies are able to describe the process of accounting as to identify the cost, processes and services. The conventional accounting system plays a crucial role in the growth of the overall global business which is not applicable to the environment costs. Thus the companies predict the indirect and general costs.EMA was a new form which was incorporated so as to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional accounting. The limitations are as follows: It increases the interest rate as well as the fees or the environment cost. There shall be increase in the environmental awareness and regulation which has become very stringent. Thus companies have to spend a lot of their fund in accommodating these interests There is no proper communication between the accounting and the environmental departments, it requires much costs so as to improve the performance in the environment. In this eco efficiency is a bridge in these interest rates (Kerulien? Turskis, 2014). If the environmental cost is hidden then the general cost center leads to the bloated overhead cost. There is no proper allocation of the environment cost which is the fixed cost The calculation of the volume and the cost of raw materials is inaccurate.EMA calculates that waste is a processing cost and it includes the cost of purchasing raw materials. Thus the actual cost is more than that of the calculated time There is much relevant environmental cost incurred in the records of accounting. Benefit of EMA There are a lot of advantages that EMA provides. If the company implements the environmental accounting then it is capable to provide many benefits directly as well as indirectly. The benefits are those which help in the decisional process which acts as a beneficiary so ax to improve the informational support. There is a separate cost of environment which will be improved (Krishnan, 2015). The support in the process of data reporting so as to identify the environmental costs which supports the economic entities so as to collect the data in the environmental impact in the internal and the external reports. The new opportunities are discovered by the analysis of environmental cost which identifies the opportunities that is employed for making savings through the resources. The competitive advantage is used in the proper advertising so as to develop the environmental management accounting. In conventional cost accounting, the aggregation of environmental and non-environmental costs in overhead accounts results that they are hidden from management. Therefore, it is very important to apply a systematic method that enables to evaluate effectiveness of proposed or implemented actions. This can improve the foundation necessary for local communities to avoid costly environmental management failures and to meet the common goal-to provide the scientific understanding required to measure, model, maintain and/or restore, at different scales, the integrity and sustainability of ecosystems now and in the future (Krumwiede Lawson, 2017). By identifying, assessing, and allocating environmental costs, CP investment project development methodology developed by APINI and Nordic Environmental Finance Corporation (NEFCO) allowed companies managers to identify a number of opportunities for cost-savings. The methodology is based upon: Identification of the current environmental impact of industry (including transport, energy production units) and other economic factors most closely associated with that impact; Identification of available options to improve environmental and economic performance of the company and to restore degraded ecosystems The structure of the methodology is as follows Commitment at top management to implement cleaner production (Zarzycka, 2017). Planning and organization (CP programme approval by a companys top management; definition of CP program me goals; development of an organizational structure for the program me); Assessment (screening of companys production processes and equipment; development of material balances for processes and equipment; analysis and assessment of the information; option generation; option prioritization); Feasibility study of the selected options (technical evaluation; environmental evaluation; economic evaluation); Investment analysis (procurement of equipment; pay-back period; net present value; internal rate of return; sensitivity analysis; selection of CP innovation to be implemented)(Reference 14 from : Environmental management accounting in Lithuania: exploratory study of current practices, opportunities and strategic intents (Lambert Pezet, 2013) Evolution of EMA This progress is indicated by the application of latest technologies to improve the productivity of manufacturing companies. Companies have implemented various measures, such as the use of modern technology in production, acquisition, reduced-cost resource utilization and cost reduction, to improve productivity, efficiency and overall performance and to meet the expectations of stakeholders. However, increasing the productivity and efficiency of companies often leads to environmental destruction, such as water and air pollution and deforestation (Lambert, 2015). Environmental accounting is not limited to financial accounting because it includes management accounting. Environmental management accounting (EMA) is utilized to monitor and evaluate resource utilization efficiency and reduce the environmental impact of company operations. EMA provides improved and comprehensive approaches. The information from EMA is used in internal organizational calculations and decision making. EMA is an internal decision procedure that includes physical material and energy consumption, flows and final disposal, costs, savings and revenues related to the potential environmental effects. Environmental management accounting is the way that businesses account for the material use and environmental costs of their business. Materials accounting is a means of tracking material flows through a facility in order to characterize inputs and outputs for purposes of evaluating both resource efficiency and environmental improvement opportunities. Environmental cost accounting is how environmental costs are identified and allocated to the material flows or other physical aspects of a firms operations (McNally Tophoff, 2014). International Federation of Accountants Environmental and economic performance is through the development and implementation of appropriate environment-related accounting systems and practices. While this may include reporting and auditing in some companies, environmental management accounting typically involves life-cycle costing, full cost accounting, benefits assessment, and strategic planning for environmental management information in order to optimize corporate environmental and economic performance and to achieve sustainable business. On the one hand, the benefits of engaging with sustainability implement has been emerged in a large amount of case studies, as stated in (Goretzki Strauss, 2017).These case studies generally appoint that companies may affected by losing opportunities for economic and environmental performance improvement if they failed with recognition about environmental management account during organization activities. Accordingly, it is difficult for the managers to appoint the cost of negative externalities in the financial management plans of organization and the decision can be misleader by even only a small part of internalized externalities. It will enhance the difficulty of decision making for the stakeholders at the same time, whom could be even more misleader by those unexpected internalized externalities if there is no actual financial effects on business (Mistry, Sharma Low, 2014). It has been called the language of business and the accountant in follow provides solution areas of dealing endorsement together with monetary accounting, tax, compliance, management accounting, auditing, economic systems, custom planning, forecasting, payroll and more. But is the character of the accountant changing or not. And how container businesses payment from this change. Technology, the internet, better financial records and strain software has misused the respect accountants composition and brought efficiencies to accountancy practices. The cloud income that accountants preserve pool resources and drive with clients in unaffected time. Expectations of clients are changing (Nitzl et al., 2016). Accountancy practices are accumulation new army to their training portfolio, and emerging new breeds of accountants result in other skills and problem expertise to alleviate clients beyond the numbers. Cloud accounting is the most up-to-date technological revolution in accountancy. Operational in the cloud with foodstuffs likeSage Onemeans that numbers and software are offered online anytime and anywhere. Partnership owners know how to protect their finances up to rendezvous and re-examine issue act from any internet enabled device, together with PCs, Macs, smart phones and capsule devices. The accountant-client bond becomes new joint with the cloud enabling a real-time effective link someplace the accountant bottle impart clients with further many insights into their corporation to advantage them screen performance, form decisions and plan (Soon,2017). Value-added services Accountants are taking on opportunities to differentiate their practices and prod towards value-added army and a file of thing skills together with HR, technology, marketing and leadership to comfort clients beyond the numbers. The client-accountant association is a partnership, with accountants caring about the success Circumstances and milieu The organization has been interacting with its stakeholders since its inception (Warren Burns, 2017). These stakeholder relations comprise evolved over time and the letters and notch of interaction is miscellaneous depending on the stakeholder groups and fields of organization activity. Stakeholders are clear as organizations, associations and parties interacting with the European Medicines help (the help or EMA hereafter), which possess an appeal in or are influenced by the go to work of the EMA and its partners. The dub partners distinguishes the Agencys operational relations in the European dictatorial make contacts and encompasses the citizen competent authorities, the European Commission, European legislative body and other European Institutions (Sunarni,2013). They furthermore consist of global (organisations) partners, such as, the humanity Health Organization (WHO), US FDA, Health Canada, and Japanese narrow establishment (MHLW and PMD) Additionally, EMA has put in set a new operational style in conditions of the plane of stakeholder involvement (inform, consult, consult involve, cooperate / participate). Addressing the inform expression of the methodology, which is enclosed by the EMAs manage to transparency, is an crucial include of the Agency's operations. The EMA publishes in a row on its exact and non-scientific operations, description of its decisions and procedures, and organises stakeholder events. In addition, the known has the rectify to call in rank and credentials from the charity in accordance with its set of laws on entrance to ID and on admittance to information. ideology on stakeholder consultation (consult/consult involve) are heart industrial to rationalize the Agencys attempt and to align it with EC enhanced adjustment Guidelines (SWD(2015) 111 final). In addition, new convention of procedure (Vakalfotis, Ballantine Wall, 2013). Additionally, EMA has put in room a new functioning slant in conditions of the flat of stakeholder involvement (inform, consult, consult involve, cooperate / participate). Addressing the inform air of the methodology, which is roofed by the EMAs get in touch with to transparency, is an focal figure of the Agency's operations. The EMA publishes in order on its exact and non-scientific operations, account of its decisions and procedures, and organises stakeholder events. In addition, the municipal has the completely to demand in order and ID from the society in accordance with its policy on admission to credentials and on admission to information. ethics on stakeholder consultation (consult/consult involve) are mortal industrial to reorganize the Agencys come up to and to align it with EC improved adaptation Guidelines (SWD(2015) 111 final). In addition, new regulations of procedures and clearness lucidity is an significant countenance of the Agency's operations. As for any open auth ority, the organization strives towards personality as amenable as feasible about how it facility and how it reaches its opinions and decisions (Umo,2014). Conclusion This is essential and stands out as an basic standard in stakeholders family member management, behind the entire of the other philosophy outlined below. in truth transparent relationships between the help and its stakeholders, be them with tolerant organisations, healthcare professionals, consumer organisations, the academy or the pharmaceutical industry, buttress an receptive switch over of opinions, stimulate the initiation and citations of dreams and promote inlet decision-making. self-rule and integrity The Agency, its staff, members of the Management go aboard and logical Committees, rapporteurs and experts are functioning with important stakeholders for the shelter. References Abdallah, W. (2016).Accounting, Finance, and Taxation in the Gulf Countries. Springer. Armstrong, P. (2014). Limits and possibilities for HRM in an age of management accountancy.New Perspectives On Human Resource Management op. cit. at, 154-166. Banerjee, B. (2014). Strategic Cost Management: Conceptual Underpinning.The MA Journal,49(2), 56-62. Burns, J., Warren, L., Oliveira, J. (2014). Business partnering: Is it all that good?.Controlling Management Review,58(2), 36-41. Cokins, G., Cherian, J., Schwer, P. (2015). Don't be stuck in the last century! It's time for management accountants to work with decision makers and give them the information they need to do their jobs.Strategic Finance,97(4), 26-34. DRURY, C. M. (2013).Management and cost accounting. Springer. Goretzki, L., Strauss, E. (Eds.). (2017).The Role of the Management Accountant: Local Variations and Global Influences. Routledge. Ho, J. K. K. (2014). An exploratory exercise to establish the profile of a double-hybrid management accountant with justifications.European Academic Research,1(11), 4261-4273. Kerulien?, V., Turskis, Z. (2014). An integrated multi-criteria group decision making process: selection of the chief accountant.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,110, 897-904. Krishnan, R. (2015). Management accountantWhat ails thee?.Journal of Management Accounting Research,27(1), 177-191. Krumwiede, K., Lawson, R. (2017). 13 Management accountants in the United States.The Role of the Management Accountant: Local Variations and Global Influences. Lambert, C., Pezet, E. (2013). The Making of the Management Accountant. Instability, Vulnerability and Trials of Truth. Lambert, C., (2015). The Making of the Management Accountant. Instability, Vulnerability and Trials of Truth. McNally, J. S., Tophoff, V. H. (2014). Leveraging Effective Risk Management and Internal Control.Strategic Finance, 29-36. Mistry, V., Sharma, U., Low, M. (2014). Management accountants' perception of their role in accounting for sustainable development: An exploratory study.Pacific Accounting Review,26(1/2), 112-133. Nitzl, C., Nitzl, C., Hirsch, B., Hirsch, B. (2016). The drivers of a superiors trust formation in his subordinate: The managermanagement accountant example.Journal of Accounting Organizational Change,12(4), 472-503. Soon, T. T. (2017). Knowledge Talent Management-Talent Leadership Process.Asian Institute of Knowledge Management,2(2), 18-18. Sunarni, C. W. (2013). Management accounting practices and the role of management accountant: Evidence from manufacturing companies throughout Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research,2(2), 616. Sunarni, C. W. (2013). Management accounting practices and the role of management accountant: Evidence from manufacturing companies throughout Yogyakarta, Indonesia.Review of Integrative Business and Economics Research,2(2), 616. Umo, U. P. (2014). The management accountant in budgetary process, employees motivation and productivity: the Nigerian case.Management Accountant,5(24). Vakalfotis, N., Ballantine, J., Wall, A. P. (2013). A literature review on the impact of Enterprise Systems on management accounting. Warren, L., Burns, J. (2017). The role of the management accountant in the UK. Zarzycka, E. (2017). The role of management accountant in enterprises operating in Poland.Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowo?ci, (93 (149)), 235-252. Zoni, L. (2017). 8 Management accountants in Italy.The Role of the Management Accountant: Local Variations and Global Influences.

Should Students Be Allowed to Eat in Clas free essay sample

Should students be allowed to eat in the classroom? Many people say that students should be able to eat during class. We will write a custom essay sample on Should Students Be Allowed to Eat in Clas or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Unlike other people think the opposite. Let’s see why people think students should eat in class. First where going to start with the negative side. Which means the people that think it’s a bad idea. The have many reasons some are just dumb and some are very true that’s might just change your mind. They earthier think that the students will make a big mess or sometimes student have an allergic reaction or attack. Also when a kid brings food all the other students start asking for some and student start throwing it across the classroom for other kids to catch in their mouths. And it distracts kid from their learning. I know most of the kids in your class do the same. Now let’s get to the positive thing which means people who do allow kids to eat during class. When a student sees their teacher eating something or eating candy you now are thinking mmmmm those must be so really good brownies or anything but the point is that it will make the tummy go all like grrr I’m hungry me want food. Wouldn’t you want to eat when someone is eating something you desire? But wait I’m not done yet some times when a teacher is going to play a learning game the kids won’t be interested unless it’s like a pizza party or candy or something to do with eating because I bet the kids would do anything to eat something really good in class. Let’s say when a teacher says a question and she says â€Å"if you answer this question right then I will give a little snack or candy or something† and then all the kids start raising their hand and most students start participating for that one little piece of snack. If they weren’t to be allowed to eat in class then they wouldn’t be interested in anything. You really have lots to choose from. Sure if kids make a mess make a rule or call their parents and tell them they need to be more clean or you can clean it up and show the kids how much you care about the school. If they put gum underneath the desk then make them clean it, scrape it off or don’t allow gum because gum and food is not the same thing. Teachers have to choose if they don’t allow it then talk to them don’t be scared. In conclusion I think they should allow students to eat snacks in the classroom. But that is my opinion so what would you choose should students eat in class or should student should not eat in class.

Problem Solving Simulation free essay sample

Assignment:Â  Problem-Solving Simulation How did you interpret the problem? When I was interpreting the problem I was trying to look at the whole picture. When in all reality I should have been breaking down the problem into sections so I could concentrate on the issue at hand. I will have to admit that shook my head allot over this because it was hard to look outside the box, as one might want to say. The goal was to get all three animals to the other side of the river without any of them being harmed by one of the other animals. The cat would eat the mouse if left alone, or the dog and the cat would fight if left alone. The strange part was the mouse and the dog could not be left on the other side of the bank either. What strategy did you use and how did you evaluate your progress? The strategy I took was that to find most common problem between the three animals. We will write a custom essay sample on Problem Solving Simulation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When I was evaluating the possibilities of getting them all three over the river it was overwhelming at first. I was able to attain that the main problem was the cat. The cat did not get along with the dog, nor did it get along with the mouse. The only obvious thing to do was to get the cat across the river first. This way the dog and the mouse were safe on the other bank. My problem was once I got the cat across the river and came back for one of the other animals I soon realized that either one I took next would cause a problem with the cat. Did you encounter any obstacles while solving the problem? I was upset that I could not get my mind to look outside the box. There had to be a reasonable solution to this problem. A few obstacles were encountered along the way while I was trying to solve this mystery. I would take the cat over first which was fine, because the dog and mouse was okay while on the original side of the river. As soon as I would take over one of the other animals with the cat all heck broke loose due to the cat not getting along with either the dog or the mouse. I knew there had to be an easier answer to this problem. After thinking carefully, I took the dog over first then the cat and mouse fought and then when I took the mouse over first then the dog and cat fought. It almost seemed impossible. Were you aware of this thought process as you worked through the problem? Then after careful consideration and the knowledge I had that the cat had to be the instigator in all this fighting I knew for sure that the cat had to go first. After reading the assigned reading to this issue I knew the answer was outside the box. I will admit that I even placed this task to my mom just to see if she would be as stumped as I was. Now as a recap; I knew the cat was the bad guy in this scenario, so the problem was how would I get the other two over there safely? Then it came to my mom and me! Wow what a revelation it was. Yes the cat was the mean one, and could not be left alone. So, you had to send the cat over first and return raft for another animal. Once you had the other animal over to the bank you had to put the cat back onto the raft and leave him alone on the first bank. This gave you the time you needed to get the other animal over to the other side. So in all reality the cat was the first one to cross over to the other side and the last one to be left on the first side. I do have to say this was a mind stretcher of an activity. I do enjoy trying to figure things like this out. It may take me a while but it is awesome when you do figure it out, at that point you knew you looked outside the box and found your answer.

Corporate Taxation Essays

Corporate Taxation Essays Corporate Taxation Essay Corporate Taxation Essay 1. The definition of belongings as it relates to a subdivision 351 dealing includes money. ( TRUE ) 2. A taxpayer ever will hold a revenue enhancement footing in boot received in a subdivision 351 dealing equal to its just market value. ( TRUE ) 3. Mandel transferred belongings to his new corporation in a subdivision 351 dealing. One of the belongingss transferred was land with a just market value of $ 200. 000 and a revenue enhancement footing of $ 250. 000. The corporation will ever take a revenue enhancement footing in the land of $ 200. 000 to forestall the built-in loss from being transferred from Mandel to the corporation. ( FALSE ) 4. Han transferred land to his corporation in a subdivision 351 dealing. Han had held the land for two old ages prior to the transportation. The corporation will tack Han’s keeping period for the land. ( TRUE ) 5. Roberta transportations belongings with a revenue enhancement footing of $ 400 and a just market value of $ 500 to a corporation i n exchange for stock with a just market value of $ 350 in a dealing that qualifies for deferral under subdivision 351. The corporation assumed a liability of $ 150 on the belongings transferred. What is the sum realized by Roberta in the exchange? ( $ 500 ) 6. Antoine transportations belongings with a revenue enhancement footing of $ 500 and a just market value of $ 600 to a corporation in exchange for stock with a just market value of $ 550 in a dealing that qualifies for deferral under subdivision 351. The corporation assumed a liability of $ 50 on the belongings transferred. What is Antoine’s revenue enhancement footing in the stock received in the exchange? ( $ 450 ) 7. Carlos transportations belongings with a revenue enhancement footing of $ 500 and a just market value of $ 800 to a corporation in exchange for stock with a just market value of $ 650 and $ 50 in a dealing that qualifies for deferral under subdivision 351. The corporation assumed a liability of $ 100 on the belongings transferred. What is the corporation’s revenue enhancement footing in the belongings received in the exchange? ( $ 550 ) 8. Tristan transportations belongings with a revenue enhancement footing of $ 900 and a just market value of $ 1. 200 to a corporation in exchange for stock with a just market value of $ 900 and $ 200 in a dealing that qualifies for deferral under subdivision 351. The corporation assumed a liability of $ 100 of the belongings transferred. What is the corporation’s revenue enhancement footing in the belongings received in the exchange? ( $ 1. 100 ) 9. Ashley transportations belongings with a revenue enhancement footing of $ 5. 000 and a just market value $ 3. 000 to a corporation in exchange for stock with a just market value of $ 2. 000 and $ 500 in a dealing that qualifies for deferral under subdivision 351. The corporation assumed a liability of $ 500 on the belongings transferred. What is Ashley’s revenue enhancement footing in the stock received in the exchange? ( $ 4. 000 ) 10. Which of the undermentioned statements best describes the construct of control as it applies to a subdivision 351 dealing? Control is defined as the ownership of 80 per centum of more of a corporations voting stock and 80 per centum or more of the entire figure of portions of each category of nonvoting stock.

League of Nations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

League of Nations - Essay Example League of Nations was considered as a supranational organization which was founded with an outcome of Treaty of Versailles in the year 1919 to 1920. The major objectives were disarmament, preventing war by means of joint safety measures, resolving disputes between nations through arbitration, discretion as well as improving quality of life in worldwide basis. The League had shortage of armed forces and thus they were dependent on ‘Great Powers’ to solve their problems (Hughes, â€Å"Japan Quits League of Nations†).League of Nations was an attempt to create a short American project by President Wilson. During the period of 1918-1919, people were exhausted due to war and anxiety and there was no specific association to lead the world. Thus, President prepared a scheme to protect the world from various issues (Wells, H. G., â€Å"A Short History of the World†).The main purpose of League of Nations was to provide cooperation as well as consultation among variou s nations in several issues though League was not able to prevent Second World War (Diehl, â€Å"Introduction†).President Wilson said that the League would hold entire states in order to connect and guide them to achieve recognition and make agreement of all their racial along with national minorities. The League of Nations performed significant work on slavery and developed a special committee that was responsible for drafting related to Slavery Convention. When Ethiopia again joined League for the second time, it was required to make unique efforts to remove slavery. as well as slave trade (Humphrey, â€Å"The League Of Nations†). The League had a council and when it was formed, it had four members those were permanent such as Great Britain, Italy, France and Japan along with other non-permanent members. The assembly comprised of each members. However, the members were not always represented in Geneva. The League was involved in various agencies as well.

Team Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Team Motivation - Essay Example This study highlights that  individuals encounter various decisions they need to make, providing them with opportunities for overcoming fears associated with certain consequences. The issue of motivation is subject to both complexity and simplicity, meaning that it offers explanations with respect to observing what characterizes human behavior, while complexity emerges whenever contradictions emerge. For example, the desire by individuals to nourish themselves is usually strong, making them engage in extreme action. Hence, it is appropriate to understand what motivation entails to allow us lay notable emphasis to general principles that characterize motivation, allowing us to apply it to different aspects of life. With a better understanding of these principles, it would be possible to enter into a highly rewarding experience.From this paper it is clear that  when a person wishes to serve as part of a team, there are certain questions that one should ask himself or herself, espec ially when one receives an invitation to serve as a member of a given team. These would help guide one as to whether he or she should serve as a team member. However, there are certain times whereby people lack the opportunity for participating in a team, such as when an organization or workgroup restructures itself in a manner whereby teams direct themselves. In these cases, individuals are capable of understanding as to why they need to serve as teams or groups.

Financial Performance Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Performance Analysis - Case Study Example This shows a continuous decline in current ratio in 2006 onwards as compared to that in 2005, which shows that the company is experiencing liquidity crunch; and this may ultimately lead to insolvency of the company. The desired (benchmark) current ratio is 2:1. The current ration of M & S shows that the short term assets of the company are not sufficient to cover the short term liabilities. The Debt ratio of M&S was 4055.2/5210.5 = 78% in 2006 which is lower than 3958.1/4867.3 = 81% in 2005. In addition, the interim statements shows a slight increase in the debt to asset ratio to 4289.6/5410.8 = 79%. Overall, the ratio shows that almost 80% of the total assets of the company are financed through debt. When analyzed with current ratio, this shows that the company might be vulnerable to problems arising due to extra loans and debts, and inability to service debt due to lower levels of current assets. The Debt-Equity ratio of the company has shown a declining trend as it decreases from 3958.1/909.2 = 4.35 in 2005 to 4055.2/1155.3 = 3.51 in 2006. It shows an increase to 4289.6/1121.2 = 3.83 for the half yearly period in 2006. This relatively lower level of D/E ratio is considered to be safer and shows that the company is not heavily indebted. ... The ROA for the period April - September 2006 was 281.3/5410.8 = 5.2%. The decline shows that the company is not doing well in making an effective use of its assets to generate income for 2006 as compared to that in 2005. Total Assets Turnover The asset turnover for the company has been 7797.7/5210.5 = 1.50 in 2006 as compared to 7490.5/4867.3 = 1.54 in 2005 showing a declining trend. It was 3929.4/5410.8 = 0.726 for the half year period in September 2006. The total assets turnover is a critical ratio that measures the efficiency of the organization in using its assets to generate sales. The ratio for M&S is on the lower side showing that assets are not being used efficiently to generate dollar of sales. Management should take a note of this and should take appropriate steps to resolve this issue. Inventory Turnover The inventory turnover (Cost of Sales/Inventory) for the company has been 4812.1/374.3 = 12.86 in 2006 as compared to 4887.6/338.9 = 14.42 in 2005. This shows that on average, inventory has been sold 12.86 times in 2006 as compared to 14.42 times in 2005. The decline might be due to the ineffective inventory management practices, or may also be due to the lack of sales (but the sales have increased in 2006 as compared to 2005). The company should investigate this decline in inventory turnover to appropriately identify and resolve issues. Cost of Goods Sold to Sales & Gross Profit Margin The company did relatively better in reducing the cost of goods sold to sales ratio at 4812.6/7797.7 = 61.72% in 2006 as compared to 4887.6/7490.5 = 65.25% in 2005. This shows that the cost of inputs have been kept to low as compared to the revenue that is being generated from these inputs. This may show efficiencies in production function and indicates that there

The Construction Quality Assessment System Construction Essay

The Construction Quality Assessment System Construction Essay CONQUAS stands for Construction Quality Assessment System. Construction Industry Development Board Singapore now known as the Building and Construction Authority have developed it for the major public sector agencies and the various leading industry professional bodies to measure the quality level of completed project (The National House Buyers Association (HBA), 2009). The Building and Construction Authority (BCA) is an agency under the Singapores Ministry of National Development. The BCA is championing the development of an excellent built environment for Singapore. Built environment refers to buildings, structures and infrastructure in our surroundings that provide the setting for the communitys activities. (Building and Construction Authority, 2006) At the beginning, the CONQUAS was introduced only to the local construction industry. CONQUAS have been launched since 1989 (Building and Construction Authority, 2006). Today, CONQUAS is widely recognized and also accepted internationally as a benchmarking tool for quality. CONQUAS is now a registered trademark. CONQUAS have adapted in Singapore, Malaysia, China, Hong Kong, United Kingdom, Australia, South Africa and India, UK and Hong Kong construction industries (Building and Construction Authority, 2006). The aim of CONQUAS was introduced to have a standard quality assessment system for construction projects. Furthermore, CONQUAS is to enable quality assessment to be carried out systematically within reasonable cost and time. Besides, CONQUAS is used to measure quality of constructed works against workmanship standards and specification (Building and Construction Industry, 2005). However, CONQUAS is an independent assessment. It is carried out by assessors from BCA Singapore. It was designed to gauge and benchmark the quality of workmanship through the sampling approach. On the other hand, it means not every unit will be inspected or evaluated by the assessor. Random samples will be pre-selected and inspected to represent the quality of the whole project (The National House Buyers Association (HBA), 2009). Since the launch of CONQUAS in 1989, more than 2,238 public and private building projects have been assessed by BCA. The total cumulative contract value of the assessed projects exceeds 81.9billion Singapore dollar (Building and Construction Authority, 2006). In 1998, BCA introduced a number of new features to CONQUAS resulting in the launch of CONQUAS 21 (Building and Construction Authority, 2006). Now, Malaysia is applying CONQUAS 21 into the building projects. Problem Statement The standard quality of the building product becomes the significant issue that is always discussed and disputed by the contractors, developers, and investors or house buyers. Quality assessment of the building before the developer vacant possession to the purchaser is the significant issue for the developer. The developer shall delivery the final building product to the purchaser which the building is achieved a standard quality. However, how many will ask: How should I ensure the quality of the product (property) that I purchased is fairly justified with the amount of money that I paid? Many of the investors and the house buyer are sacrificing a huge money to appoint a famous Feng Shui master, to conduct a property surveys and engaged property agent prior making decision to invest the property. Has the quality standard of the building product been assured and same as the show unit? (The National House Buyers Association (HBA), 2009). There are many developers intended to deliver the final product to the end user with free of defects and good in quality. Thus, to achieve the standard quality of the building production, the contractor can adopt the Construction Quality Assessment (CONQUAS 21) in the project to give the quality assurance workmanship of building product. Although, the CONQUAS 21 is applied in construction industry, however, it is brought any benefits to the contractors, developers and end users? Moreover, what are the impact of the CONQUAS 21 toward the contractors, developers and end user? Consequently, the researcher will carry out the research regarding the application of quality assessment system (CONQUAS 21) in construction industry. Aims Objectives Aims To investigate Quality Assessment System (CONQUAS 21) in construction industry. Objectives To study the principle and concept of CONQUAS 21 To find out problems occur when applying the CONQUAS 21 To find out the advantages of using CONQUAS 21 Scope of study The research will provide a detail description on the standard of CONQUAS 21 and procedures of the system. This is done through literature review on journal papers, conference papers, books and browsing through websites. Besides that, the researcher aims to the population of local contractors and developers who are adopted CONQUAS 21 in the construction projects. Researcher will investigate the reason of implementing the CONQUAS 21 in construction industry. Moreover, research will in-deep investigate regard the impacts and advantages of CONQUAS 21. Basically, a case study will be conducted to obtain more information regarding the implementation of CONQUAS 21. Research Methodologies Literature Research Cover journals, relevant textbook, and internet research and conference paper is the sources that I obtain my information and doing for my literature research. Interview Site agent, supervisor and the site manager will be interviewed by the researched to get more details about the CONQUAS 21. The interview is hold at Swiss Garden Residences site. Case Study Site visit to the Swiss Garden Residence would be the best way to figure out the effectiveness of CONQUAS 21. Besides that, it is to figure out the problems occur when applying the CONQUAS 21. Chapter Outline Chapter 1: Introduction In this chapter, the researcher is going to slightly introduce the background of CONQUAS. Besides that, the researcher is going to talk about the aims and objectives for this research. Chapter 2: Literature Review In this chapter, the researcher is going to discuss the concept and principle of CONQUAS 21. The information regarding the CONQUAS 21 are obtained from the literatures from books, articles, journals and web site. Moreover, the researcher is going to comment on the advantages of CONQUAS 21 and the impact of applying the CONQUAS 21. Chapter 3: Designing the case study and research methodology The researcher is going to use Swiss Garden Residences as the case study for CONQUAS 21. The researcher is going to interview the project manager, site manager and site agent for obtaining the relevant information. Chapter 4: Analysis of the secondary data After collecting the information, the researcher is going to do the analysis for the information obtained. The researcher is going to argue on the information obtained and give some opinion regarding the CONQUAS 21. Chapter 5: Conclusion and further studies In this chapter, the researcher is going to make a conclusion for the whole research and state out the further studies for quality assessment. Plan and Schedule Planned Schedule 2009/2010 2010/2011 Second Semester First Semester Second Semester Nov Dec May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Introduction Literature Review Designing case study Analysis Conclusion Actual Schedule 2009/2010 2010/2011 Second Semester First Semester Second Semester Nov Dec May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Introduction Literature Review Designing case study Analysis Conclusion Chapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Quality Philosophy Definition of Quality Different party defines the quality in different way. Some people will define it as to meet contract requirements, instead some people define it as the satisfaction of customer and others also define as it reaches the required standards. Totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs is the definition that The National Organization for Standardization (ISO) defines quality (Chung, 1999). The aims or requirements have been fulfilled or reached by any party, mean the quality standard has been achieved. Furthermore, quality also can be defined based on own opinion such as providing customers with products and services that consistently meet their needs and expectations (S.L. Tang, 2005), performance to the standard expected by the customer (S.L. Tang, 2005) and fitness for purpose (Chung, 1999). However, the definiton of quality is based on how a party to define, it can be defined is several way. Basic Concept of Quality Quality is the most important factor to be concerned in every field including construction field. In order to achieved the quality, the industries have come out with there are assessment system and guidelines to be carried out to ensure the works done in the construction industry can achieve the quality. ISO 9001:2000, Quality Assessment System in Construction (QLASSIC) and Construction Quality Assessment (CONQUAS) is the assessment system that always used by constrction industry to ensure the works done reach the quality standard requirement. Case study of CONQUAS will be carried out in more details later. Quality can be quantified as follows:- Q=P/E Where, Q = quality P = performance E = expectation If Q is greater than 1.0, then the customer has a good feeling about the products or services (Besterfield, 1998). Furthermore, There are nine dimensions in the quality. All dimensions are independent, which means that an end product can be excellent in one dimension but poor in others (Besterfield, 1998). These nine dimensions details and their terms is the following:- Table 1: Nine dimensions of quality and their terms Dimension Terms Performances Primary products/service characteristic such as time, cost and workmanship aspect. Features Secondary characteristic, added consideration such as creativity in design and attractivenes. Conformance Meeting specification or industry standards, workmanship and clients requirement in contract. Reliability Consistency of performance over time, average time for the unit to fail. Durability Useful life period with less maintenance or repair. Service Resolution of problems and complaints, ease of repair. Response Human to human interface such as efficiency during meeting, fast decision making, effective human resources management. Aesthetics Sensory characteristics in design such as exterior finishes. Reputaion Past performance such as being ranked first in the tendering process. Adapted from Garvin, 1988, Managing Quality: The strategic and Competitive Edge, New York: Free Press. Furthermore, there are always the relationship between quality with cost, value, cycle time and productivity. The details of the relationship is shown as following:- Quality and Productivity Productivity increase will influence the quality by improvement Productivity = Salcable output / Resources used Quality and Costs Cost will increase if the quality of conformance increase Cost will increase if the quality of design increase Quality and Cycle Time The cycle time will be reduce if there is improvement of quality effort The cycle time to complete the activities is the key parameter Quality and Value Organizations must evalute the value they provide, relative to the competition Value = Quality / Price (S.L. Tang, 2005) 2.1.3 Quality Management Quality management will influence the quality directly. The principles of quality management are applicable to every industry, within all organisations and at every level (McCabe, 1988). The basic goal of quality management is the elimination of failure: both in the concept and reality of products, services and processes (Juran, 1989). The quality management is defined as all activities of the overall management function that determine the quality policy, objectives and responsibilities, and implement them by means such as quality planning, quality control, quality assurance, and quality improvement within the quality system (McCabe, 1988) The quality management have four stages in evolution, known as: Quality Inspection, Quality Control (QC), Quality Assurance (QA) and Total Quality Management (TQM) (UTM, 2003). Inspection and Quality Control are retrospective; their aim is find out the occurred problem by detection mode. Instead, the aim of Quality Assurance and Total Quality Management is reduce and to avoid problems occuring (McCabe, 1988). The characteristic of the different stages in Quality Management as shown following:- Figure 1: The four stages of quality management TQM QA QC Inspection Adapted from Dale, Boaden and Lescelles 1994: Levels of total quality management adoption Figure 2: The four stages of quality management Quality Assurance Quality systems development Advanced quality planning Comprehensive quality manuals Use of quality costs Involvement of non-production operations Failure mode Total Quality Management Policy deployment Involve suppliers and customers Involve all operations Process management Performance management Teamwork Employee involvement Quality Control Develop quality manual Process performance data Self-inspection Product testing Basic quality planning Use of basic statistics Paperwork controls Inspection Salvage Sorting, grading, relending Corrective actions Identify sources of non-conformance Adapted from Steven McCabe 1988: Quality Improvement Techniques in Construction Stage 1 : Inspection The first stage of quality management is inspection. The inspection is defined as activity such as measuring, examining, testing or gauging one or more characteristics of an entity and comparing these results with specified requirements in order to establish whether conformity is achieved for each characteristic (McCabe, 1988). Inspection is used by most of the construction industry to ensure the conformance. The site supervisor will carried out the inspection of the construction project. The supervisor will make the comparison the architectural works and structural based on the specification and drawing. If there is any defective works found by the customers, the contractor need to rectify the defective works until fulfill the customers requirement. Stage 2 : Quality Control (QC) Quality control will be carried out after the inspection done. Quality control is considered as a system of routine technical activities, to measure and control the quality of the inventory as it is being developed (Mangino, 1996). The procedure of Quality control is very complicated. QC mostly is based on the statistical analysis. Collection of data is required in QC to maintain the quality by statistical techniques. Stage 3 : Quality Assurance Quality assurance is defined as all the planned activities implemented within the quality system, and demonstrated as needed, to provide adequate confidence that an entity will fulfill requirements for quality (McCabe, 1988). The objective of Quality Assurance (QA) is to provide adequate confidence that a service or product will fulfill customers requirement by performing system audit, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, design of experiment and similar initiatives (UTM, 2003). In other words, QA is more specified on planning. The prevention of poor quality and defects is based on detection activities. Stage 4 : Total Quality Management The final stage of quality management is Total Quality Management. The implementation and understanding of quality management principles and concepts in every aspect of business activities are involved in this stage. The best service or product will be provided to the customer at the lower cost by using these activities. However, TQM is less formal; having either procedures or system, and it is hard to be described due to it is less in formality (McCabe, 1988). Normally, only guidance will be provided by TQM and it consider as a philosophy. Concept and Principles of CONQUAS 21 2.2.1 Introduction Recently, the requirement of customers towards the building that they purchase is quality. They wish to get the best quality of the purchase building as possible. In this condition, the developers have to play an important role to ensure the quality of the building project. The developers overcome the problem by using Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) into the construction project to maintain the standard of quality as the requirement. CONQUAS 21, ISO 9001:2000, QLASSIC will become the choice for the developers for their assessment system. Case study about CONQUAS 21 will be carried out by the researcher in more details. 2.2.2 Objectives of CONQUAS 21 There are three objectives in the CONQUAS 21 system: Act as a standard quality assessment system in construction projects. Inspecting quality assessment by: Measuring the specification and standard of the workmanship in the works done Randomly selecting the sample as represent the whole project To enable quality assessment systematically take place within reasonable cost and time (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006) Scope of CONQUAS 21 In CONQUAS 21 system, all the works done will be given points based on the quality standard. All of the given points will be added together to get the total quality score which also known as CONQUAS score for the construction project (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006). The quality workmanship is better, the higher of CONQUAS score will be obtained. 100% is the maximum CONQUAS score in construction project, but our human being is unable to construct a work with zero-defects. The general building works is covered by CONQUAS 21 system. There are 3 components in the assessment: Structural Works Architectural Works and Mechanical Electrical (ME) Works There are different item to be assessed in the different component stated above (Building and Construction Authority , 2005). CONQUAS 21 is considered as first time right inspection approach (Building and Construction Authority , 2005) means that the rectification works will not take into consideration in CONQUAS 21 score for the assessment. Furthermore, sampling system is the assessment system used in the CONQUAS. The assessor will choose the unit according to the average, 1-in-4 apartment units in a residential development for the assessment (Building and Construction Authority , 2005). Thus, which unit will be chosen is unknown so the contractors have to ensure all of the constructed works are in good quality condition. If there is any defective found, the works will be considered as failed. Besides, the heavily equipment-base such as heavy foundation, sub-structure works and piling is not available for assessment and the work separate contracts or sub-contracts are not included in the assessment (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006). The inspection is different with the inspection done by the site supervisor. Normally, the contractors have to purposely do an arrangement for the inspection which form a specific team for the inspection. There is a guideline have to be followed for the assessment. Components to be assessed Structural Works, Architectural Works and ME Works are the components under CONQUAS 21 assessment. Structural Works Structural Works can be considered as body for a building, the stability of the building will be affected if there is failure or defect in structural works. Thus, maintain its quality is necessary due to the cost of rectification is very expensive. Below show the details of the assessment of Structural Works:- Inspection of finished concrete, formwork and steel reinforcement have to be carried out on site during the construction site. If any component constitutes exceed 20% of the total structural cost, the pre-stressed concrete and structural steel are included in the assessment. If found the precast concrete volume more than 20% of structural concrete volume, the precast elements have to be assessed. Tensile strength of steel reinforcement and testing of compressive strength of concrete will be carried out on laboratory testing. Non-destructive testing of the uniformity and the cover of hardened concrete. (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006) Appendix 1 shows the quality standards of Structural Works. Architectural Works The components and finishes are classified in Architectural Works. The workmanship and quality can be easily seen and found. Below are the details of assessment of Architectural Works:- After the building have complete, the assessment have to be carried out on roofs, external works, external walls and internal finishes. All the assessment have to be carried out on site. Internal walls, doors, components, windows and floors are classified under the internal finishes. Functional and material tests such as on external walls and adhesion of internal wall tiles and water-tightness of window. (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006) Appendix 2 shows Architectural Works quality standard. Mechanical Electrical (ME) Works The progress of whole building will be influenced by ME Works. Air conditioning Mechanical Ventilation Works (ACMV), Electrical works, the basis ME fittings and Fire Protection Works are classified under the progress of the building. Below are the stage of assessment:- Concealed pipes, ACMV ductworks and electrical conduits are classified as installed works, the inspection on the item have to be carried out before embedded on site. The cooling tower, fire alarm control panel and Air-Handling Unit (AHU) are the final installed works which the assessment have to be carried out on site. Dry Riser Test, Earthing Test and Water Pressure Test are considered as selected works. The performance tests are carried out on them. (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006) Appendix 3 show the quality standard of ME Works. The Weightages CAT A (Commercial, Industrial, Institution and Others), CAT B (Condominium, Institution and Others), CAT C (Public housing), and CAT D (Landed properties) are the four categories of building that distribute the weightages for ME Works, Architectural Works and Structural Works in CONQUAS 21 system. The objective of weightage system is making the quality of a building is based on the CONQUAS score, it is a compromise between the cost proportions of the three components in the various buildings and their aesthetic consideration (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006). In general, ME works consist 10% for four categories of building in average, 35% is consisted by the Structural works and the highest percentage is consisted by Architectural works which 50% in average for the four categories of buildings. The quality of Architect works is the most important with the highest percentage, second is represented by the Structural works and ME works is the lowest. Table 2: The Weightages in CONQUAS 21 Components CAT A Commercial, Industrial, Institution Others CAT B Commercial, Industrial, Institution Others CAT C Public Housing CAT D Landed Properties Structural Works 30% 35% 45% 40% Architectural Works 50% 55% 50% 55% ME Works 20% 10% 5% 5% CONQUAS Score 100% 100% 100% 100% Note: In general, projects with central cooling system having cooling tower, chiller system, etc are classified under CAT A. Otherwise, it will be classified under CAT B. Appendix 5 provides a guides with listing of building under the various categories. Adapted from Building and Construction Authority (BCA): CONQUAS 21 manual book CONQUAS Assessor In CONQUAS 21 system, only the Building and Construction Authority (BCA) officer can be the assessor to inspect the works done of the project. BCA will conduct a calibration program and training for assessors to attend to ensure competency and consistency in the assessment (Building and Construction Authority, 2006). Furthermore, CONQUAS 21 system is consider as independent assessment. Therefore, if the building or parts of the building project are acceptable, the architects and engineers are not allowed to use CONQUAS to make any decision unless the building contract specify it (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006). Sampling Sampling system is introduced in the CONQUAS 21 system for the assessment. It is impossible for us to inspect every unit of the works done. Thus, the sampling system is used for the assessment, it helps the accessor a lot by saving the time and make the assessment easier due to the samples will be randomly chosen by the assessor for inspection. Furthermore, the sampling system want to make sure the inspection is sufficient to represent the whole building by referring to the gross floor area of the building. The assessment of CONQUAS 21 Assessment approach Sampling system is used by the CONQUAS 21 as the assessment system, the sample will be randomly selected for the quality assessment according to the location plan and drawing plan and it will be distributed based on the construction stages (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006). The scoring will be done on the works that are inspected for the first time because the objective of this practice is to encourage contractors doing things right the first time is the principle of the CONQUAS 21 system which want to make sure all the contractor do the works well and maintain the quality in first time. Thus, the scoring will not take into account for the rectification works, only the first time works done will be inspected and scored in the CONQUAS 21 system (Building and Construction Authority (BCA), 2006). In filling the assessment form, X mean the work done do not fulfill the CONQUAS quality standard after inspection on it. Instead, consider the inspected work have reached the quality standard stated in the CONQUAS system. Besides, not applicable item will be noted as - in the assessment form. The number of over the total number of item assessed is the final score of CONQUAS for the whole project. Structural works assessment After the whole projects have been completed, the inspection on structural works only can be done. Wall, slab, beam and column can be classified as the Structural works. Below show the details of the assessment of a reinforced concrete structure:- Table 3: The assessment of a reinforced concrete structure Reinforced Concrete Structure Weightage % Formwork 15 Rebar 20 Finished Concrete 25 Concrete Quality 5 Steel Reinforcement Quality 5 NDT UPV test for concrete uniformity 15 NDT Electro-Cover meter test for concrete cover 15 Total 100 *If total precast concrete volume exceeds 20% of total structural concrete volume, assessment will be carried out for precast concrete construction. The points will be distributed proportionately between formwork/rebar assessment and precast concrete assessment based on the respective concrete volume percentage. Adapted from Building and Construction Authority: CONQUAS 21 manual book The structural works assessment is carried out by using sampling system which mean only part of the samples have been chosen to represent whole project for the assessment, not every unit is inspected. Thus, there are some guidelines for the assessment of structural works. The guidelines are shown as below:- Table 4: Guidelines for Structural works assessment Items GFA per Sample Min Sample Max Sample Remarks 1 Structural Elements 500 m2 30 150 For Non-Housing Project 1a Strctural Elements 1500 m2 30 50 For Housing Project 2 Concrete Compressive Strength 100% Declaration by Qualified Person 3 Steel reinforcement Tensile Strength 100% Declaration by Qualified Person 4 NDT UPV test for concrete uniformity 5,000 m2 2 sets 20 sets 5 structure members per set 5 NDT Electro-Cover meter test for concrete cover 5,000 m2 2 sets 20 sets 5 structure members per set Note: The computed number of elements to be checked must be evenly distributed throughout the entire block and cover at least 50% of floors in a block. They should also as far as possible cover the different types of structural elements. Adapted from Building and Construction Authority: CONQUAS 21 manual book The inspection is only site inspection, the inspection cannot be done at precast yard due to all the structure works to be inspected is cast in-situ concrete works, not the precast component. The inspection of the structural works is according to compliance to the standards (see in the Appendix 1, 1a, 1b 1c). The further assessment will be required if the structural steelwork in the structural works exceed 20% of the structural cost and the points will be distributed proportionately. The Pre-stressing Works is similar with the str

Alice in Wonderland :: essays research papers

www.eReferate.ro -Cea mai buna inspiratie†¦ Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Lewis Carroll Some of the most lastingly delightful children's books in English are "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" and "Through the Looking-Glass". Here are what Albert Baugh write about them in "A Literary History of England": "Written by an eccentric Oxford don to amuse his little girlfriends, these two world-famous books are the best of all memorials of the Victorian love of nonsense. In them are elements of satire and parody which connect them with a long tradition, but they shot through with a quality distorted logic (for their author was a professional mathematician and logician) which is inimitable and unique." A story may be told either by one of the characters, or by an external narrator. To define by whom the narration is made is to define the point of view that the author has chosen for his story. In "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" the narrator does not introduce himself as a character. Lewis Carroll uses 3rd person narrative. Yet, everything in the story is seen, heard or thought happens which she cannot sense, or in places where she is not present. This kind of point of view is called selective omniscience, that is the author knows everything, but only through one character's consciousness. Other books in which author uses the same point of view are "Amintiri din copilà £rie" and other novels written by the romanian writer Ion Creangà £. In the end reader is told that everything has been a dream. There are a lot of elements which make up the dreamlike atmosphere. One of Carroll's favourite devices is the pun (play upon words) that is the humorous use of the same word in more than one sense, or of two different words similarly pronounced.

Comparative Essay †Macbeth Essay

Both texts, William Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Shakespeare retold: Macbeth directed by Mark Brozel contains parallel themes and subtle differences in concerning matters like purpose, context and language. Both texts thoroughly explore Macbeths unlawful rise to power and his inevitable downfall. With power he becomes corrupt, a bloodthirsty tyrant and a victim of his own success and the use of imagery, language and stagecraft in the play infuse to create malevolent and malicious image of Macbeth. With the ideas of manipulation and ambition, he becomes ruthless, and his vision is fogged with ambition. This idea of ambition ultimately determines the fate of the texts characters. The statement â€Å"power is the catalyst for corruption† is clearly suitable for Shakespeare’s Macbeth. In act one scene 3, Macbeth meets the three witches; from this moment in the play onwards, Macbeth has an insatiable lust for power. The supernatural element of the use of witches to expose the Macbeth and Banquo’s prophecies builds on the idea of darkness and supernatural both representing the imagery of evil. The witches reveal to Macbeth he will become â€Å"thane of glamis†, â€Å"thane of Cawdor† and the last shocks him the most â€Å"all hail Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter†. Banquo was also revealed a prophecy that he will be â€Å"not so happy, yet much happier† and â€Å"thou shalt get kings, though thou be none†. Banquo continues to warn Macbeth â€Å"oftentimes to win us to our harm, the instruments of darkness tell us truths.† This demonstrating Banquo’s lack of ambition as he takes no more thought about the prophecies revealed. Although for Macbeth, develop an indecisive mind, conflicting against his conscience. Macbeth reveals â€Å"I have no spur to prick the sides of my intent, but only vaulting ambition† revealing that he cannot spur himself into action, but his only motive for murdering the king is his‘ vaulting ambition’ to have the prophecy true. Macbeth’s ambition fuels his thirst for power. Similarly in the Shakespeare Macbeth Retold, the exploration of supernatural themes is revealed through the three garbage collectors who reveal similar prophecy’s to Joe that the restaurant will have 3 michellen stars and that the restaurant will become his. The supernatural and imagery of evil are portrayed through the film through the use of low lighting and mysterious  sound effects foreshadowing evil and mysterious elements. Like the play the garbage men’s prophecies ignite Joe’s ambition to take over the restaurant and have him recognized as head chef. Although Billy, resembling the character of Banquo, explains to Joe â€Å"it doesn’t matter that no one knows it’s us, we no, that’s all that matters† this revealing billy to be a much more simple, honest and harmless character, who unlike Macbeth and his wife did not challenge his own fate, therefore did not corrupt himself. He did not allow other forces to interrupt his ambition s, leaving the characters of Billy and Banquo to determine their own fate. Therefore proving that the ambitions of these characters throughout both texts, has an effect of whether they become corrupt or not. Furthermore another theme thoroughly explored hand in hand with ambition is that of manipulation causing the possibility of corruption. Throughout the play, Lady Macbeth’s manipulation is demonstrated through Shakespeare’s use of antithesis, where something such as Lady Macbeth’s innocent baby is compared to a murderous deed. The use of antithesis highlights the extremities and persuades Macbeth into the foolish act of murdering the King. Although in the Shakespeare Retold, although Ella is seen manipulating Joe into the crime claiming, â€Å"you do this and we win everything†, her demise is clearly represented through the use of symbolism in the film. Ella’s earlier acts of manipulation were fuelled by her ambition for Joe to run the restaurant. Although after the crime has been perpetrated, she begins a slow slide into madness. In various scenes she is seen to be vigorously scrubbing her hands clean. Symbolic of her regret as she tries to escape t he reality of her actions. Her sensitivity becomes a weakness, and she is unable to cope. Signaling her total inability to deal with the legacy of their crimes, and the film shows her jumping from the restaurant rooftop, proving her corruption. Another example of manipulation also comes from theme of the supernatural in the garbage collectors who assured Joe a sense of security proclaiming, â€Å"Pigs will fly before anything happens to you†, eluding Joe to the belief that he was untouchable. His first signs of corruption are represented in the kitchen where he becomes angry and demonstrates qualities of insanity,  yelling at fellow chefs reminding them â€Å"whose the head chef here?† â€Å"I run this kitchen, mine is the only voice†. This demonstrating Joe’s new use of power. Similarly in the play the three witches return to Macbeth, with three apparitions. The first warning him of Macduff, the second, reassures his power, and the third explains he shall never be vanquished until Birham wood comes upon Dunsinane. The witches for a second time had manipulated Macbeth into believing he to be invincible and that no body can harm him. Thus causing Macbeth to view people merely as removable objects in his ultimate conquest for victory, as he continues to murder his best friend Banquo and Macduff’s family. This proving that Macbeth being crowned king, has caused him to become even more bloodthirsty and is able to dispose of people without consulting lady Macbeth, proving his corruption leading to his eventual death. In conclusion, throughout both texts, the characters ambitions ignite there crave for power. For the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, it is obvious by their actions that they became blinded by their ambition for power and authority, leaving them corrupt. Therefore proving power to be a catalyst for corruption.

Bohol Countryside Package tour Essay Essays

Bohol Countryside Package tour Essay Essays Bohol Countryside Package tour Essay Essay Bohol Countryside Package tour Essay Essay Essay Topic: Our Countrys Good Comment: Good Afternoon Everyone! I’m Queensy del Corro. your circuit usher for this 2-Day and 1 dark Bohol Countryside Package circuit. You can name me queen. Queenss or merely â€Å"Q† . whatever that suits you. And now. We are on our manner to our first halt The St. Joseph Cathedral. St. Joseph the Worker is the frequenter saint of the metropolis. The original church was built by the Jesuits through forced labor of the local people. But on December 23. 1798 the church was demolished to the land. The cross-shaped church was reconstructed in 1839 to 1855. Less than two decennaries subsequently. the two-storey convent was added. followed by the bell tower. As you can see the cathedral has a neo-Romanesque expression. with corbelled arches underneath the valance. Built from the usual stuffs found in other old churches built by the Spanish colonisers. the church retains the authoritative expression at the forepart frontage. In the interior. The church is both simple and olympian. Simple because the ornaments are non every bit flowery as those we would see in Baclayon Church. Which you will be able to see tomorrow on our 2nd twenty-four hours. Or that of the Sto. Nino Basilica in Cebu. Majestic because it inspires awe when you look up at the show of saints behind the communion table. Weddings are grandest at the cathedral which would explicate why it is non easy to acquire a reserve for the nuptials agendas. If you truly want to. give yourself a twelvemonth to reserve in order to be certain. So now. you can look around. take images and I’ll give you merely plenty clip to look up to the sacred topographic point. And delight make minimise your voices for there is a batch of church departers who prays and visits this topographic point every now and so. And for our following finish. We are now here at The Sandugo or Blood Compact Shrine memorial in Bo-ol territory of Tagbilaran City. Does anyone here have an thought what the word â€Å"Sandugo† means? â€Å"Sandugo† is a Visayan word which means â€Å"one blood† or in tagalog â€Å"Iisang-dugo† . It was a blood compact. performed between the Spanish adventurer Miguel Lopez de Legazpi and Datu Sikatuna. the captain of Bohol on that clip. It became one of a landmark site of the first international pact of friendly relationship between Spaniards and Filipinos. It happened on March 16. 1565. to seal their friendly relationship as portion of the tribal tradition. The memorial. with the bronze statues of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi. Rajah Sikatuna and several other informants. was a chef-doeuvre of the Boholano sculpturer and National Artist for Sculpture. Napoleon Abueva. Take clip to hold your images taken. and you may besides bask the over-looking position of th e Bohol Sea at the dorsum. merely be careful. I know you’re a spot hungry at the minute but don’t worry ‘cause we are now here at Bohol Bee Farm. You’ll be able to bask their healthy and organic nutrient without experiencing guilty after devouring a home base or two. But non merely that. you’ll besides enjoy to acquire near the coops or man-made bee urtications where the bees produce honey to pastries with hints of grated veggies. A usher will help you at that place so don’t concern. They besides offer adjustment services such as. watering place. massage countries and likewise. So I’ll give you adequate clip to bask the nutrient and most particularly the topographic point. Have and merriment and I’ll see you after an hr and a half. And now. we are here at Panglao Shell Museum besides known as The Nova Shell Museum. It features an enrapturing aggregation of sea shells. particularly those endemic to the Waterss of Panglao and Bohol. The museum is owned and operated by Mr. Quirino Hora who has practically devoted half his life in the collection. analyzing and file awaying of these submerged animals. His avocation shortly developed into a beginning of income for his household and provided employment chances to the local folks. At present. the Shell Museum showcases one of the biggest shell aggregations in the universe. For partisans of the beautiful sea life. the topographic point is decidedly on the top of the list. Fun fact. two shells are already named after him. the Busa Quirihoria and the Primovula Horai. The former was discovered in 1987 and the latter in 1994. along the pristine shores of Panglao Island. A tourer usher on standby can supply us information about the shells displayed inside the museum. Letâ₠¬â„¢s now hear it from him. I know you are all feeling tired from the about half a twenty-four hours of going on the manner here in Bohol. And the some short Michigans we did along the manner. that’s why I’m stoping our first twenty-four hours early go forthing you here in the Paradise of Bellevue Resort. Reservations are already made so you don’t have to worry about anything. Free breakfast is included for tomorrow. Enjoy. Relax and have fun! The Bellevue Resort is everything you would conceive of holding in the best dark of your circuit. Experience a life of luxury with The Bellevue’s five star assignments. The client service desk is unfastened for any inquires you may necessitate. Name clip tomorrow would be at 7:30 here at the exact country where we are now. See you! We’ll be go forthing precisely at 8am. Bring your swim wear merely in instance! DAY 2 Good Morning Everyone! So how was your slumber? Did you bask your Bellevue experience last dark? I hope you did. Have everyone here had their breakfast? ‘cause we have a long twenty-four hours in front of us. Our first finish for this twenty-four hours is the Hinagdanan Cave here in Bingag. Dauis still in the Island of Panglao. Bohol. In the country. you’ve seen legion souvenir stores that sell a broad assortment of souvenir points like keychain. T- shirts. chapeaus and the likes. I extremely recommend to purchase your â€Å"pasalubongs† here. for their stores have cheaper monetary values than of the other you’ll see on our manner. But you can make it subsequently. don’t worry I’ll give you clip for that. Upon come ining. the cave’s inside is rather dark. that’s why you need to set your cameras for proper lighting when you take images. If you don’t cognize the proper camera scene. I’ll be glad to help you how to make so. I can besides take your image if you want to. Inside the cave you can see a large. clean. and deep laguna where you can bathe. So anyone who brought their swim wears with them? You may now travel dipping! Following stop-over would be here at Dauis Church. The church is named Our Lady of Assumption. It is located in the bosom of Dauis town. The large country outside serves as the resort area for childs and picnic country for households during afternoons. Inside the church. you will see the â€Å"Miraculous well† as they say. Because harmonizing to some people. the H2O from the well can bring around unwellnesss and sometimes helps you get things that you’ve been wishing for a long clip. At the dorsum of the church. near the issue door you can see a little booth like construction where they sell bottled H2O from the â€Å"miraculous well† . You can purchase it for 20 pesos. Take clip to look over the topographic point and don’t think twice to inquire me assist you take your images. Following in line is run intoing Prony! The Python in Captivity. Prony is a self-developed and trained Python. It is owned by Sofronio ( â€Å"Fronio† ) . where the name â€Å"Prony† came from. This is the biggest and longest Phyton in imprisonment is in the Island. Prony was captured last October 21. 1996 which merely weighs 5 kg and is 5 pess long during that clip. Animal and snake experts says that the growing of Prony is unnatural as Pythons who live in the natural state with the same sizes are already 50 old ages old comparison to Prony who is merely 9 old ages old. The proprietor says that Prony’s growing abnormalcy is due to the fact that they treated the Python with outmost attention. They fed Prony live poulets before but due to her big ingestion and the cost of poulets. they now fed her with hog or caprine animal every month. Prony has an astonishing ability to feel unsuitable nutrient such as ill hogs and caprine animals. Prony doesn’t like dark. spotted and soiled hogs. She chooses clean white hogs that weigh over 40 kgs. The Python is given a bath 4 times a twenty-four hours and celebrates her ain birthday yearly. Now. you can take images with Prony. And if you like. they besides have lensmans to take your image and give you a printed one right after with a sensible monetary value. As what I’ve said yesterday. we’ll be sing the Baclayon Church – The Baclayon Church regarded as the second-oldest church in the Philippines ; following to San Agustin Church in Intramuros. Typifying Catholicism’s influence in the island. the Baclayon Church was built from corals bound together by howitzer mixed from eggwhite. Inside the church. you can see the dark inside of Baclayon Church. the aureate retablo behind the communion table will decidedly catch your attending. it is a churrigueresque sweet bedecked with backlit icons. Let’s walk to the dorsum of the church and you’ll see carroza. or passenger cars for spiritual emanations ; some walls and portion of the floors are engraved with the names of fans presumptively buried under the tiles. We’ll now be come ining the Baclayon parish museum. delight maintain your cameras for picture-taking interior is non allowed. You’ll happen the relics of ivory icons of Jesus and Mary ; relics of Jesuit saints ; church music written on fleece ; priestly vestments ; and spiritual graphics. Notes at the bottom portion of the relics are provided. take clip to read while the local usher tours you around the museum. For the anticipated tiffin counter. we are now here at the Loboc River Cruise. This is non something optional if you don’t want to lose a brilliant experience in your Bohol state side circuit. Enjoy a counter tiffin in a festival themed drifting eating house while basking the cool zephyr blowing inside it as it traverses Loboc’s clean river which is surrounded by exuberant green workss. Loboc River Cruise besides offer a dark sail which is perfect for a romantic dinner. Along the sail you’ll see several lanterns in the trees which certainly look great at dark. Enjoy your tiffin while listening to the local sets ready to serenade you throughout the sail. And don’t be surprised if they do some short stop-overs to allow you see and look up to the local kids dancing and singing folk vocals. On our manner to Chocolate Hills. let’s take this chance to stop-over in Bohol’s Man-made Forest. The 2-kilometer sweep of verdant flora largely of Mahogany trees. added with ferns. some wild shrubs and flowers. The Mahogany Forest was portion of the countrywide re-afforestation plan that was launched in the 1960s during the reign of Diosdado Macapagal. The 857. 4 hectares of bare land was bit by bit planted with immature Mahogany trees by voluntaries. You can besides now take the chance of taking memorable images of another expansive spectacle of Mother Nature and at the same clip. besides a merchandise of human inventiveness. For our last but non the least finish. The Celebrated Chocolate Hills. The world-renowned conic Chocolate Hills is Nature’s look of beauty. enigma and love affair. Chocolate Hills is besides cited as a Geological Movement of the state and is besides known as the Eighth Wonder of the World. It consists of about 1. 268 hay prick hills with highs runing from 40 to 120 metres. Formed centuries ago by tidal motions. the hills are considered as a National Geologic Movement. During the summers. the dome-shaped grass covered limestone hills dry up and turn brown. transforming the country into apparently eternal rows of cocoa â€Å"kisses† . Two of the highest hills have been now developed and provided with installations such as a eating house. inn and a position deck. Now go in front and research Bohol’s Pride! Goodluck on mounting the 214 stairss before making the position deck. Take Care! ! Myth Story relation: On our manner to Chocalate Hills Legend has it that when giants live with persons. a soft giant fell in love with a beautiful small town miss. Agoro. the giant was fine-looking and though a favourite among female giants. was besides a lone wolf. When everything and everybody slumbers. Arogo would sit by his favourite topographic point near the river to chew over or merely watch the dark base on balls by. One dark while Arogo was by his topographic point. he noticed a beautiful native miss with hair every bit black as the dark by the river bank. He immediately fell in love with Aluya. After that dark. Arogo would ever wait by his topographic point to take a glance at his darling Aluya. A rumour reached Arogo that Aluya would shortly get married a adult male her parents take for her. The dark before Aluya’s nuptials. Agoro kidnapped Aluya. Sing a elephantine. Aluya screamed. kicked and cried. but to no help. Arogo was successful in kidnaping Aluya. In the giant’s cave. Arogo tried to give Aluya nutrient and H2O but the miss kept on weeping. Her unhappiness reached her bosom that she died with cryings in her eyes. Arogo buried her and maintain his vigil. He cried for yearss and months. Giant cryings fell to the land. He cried a thousand old ages for the loss of his love. After sometime. Arogo’s cryings hardened and became what we know today as Chocolate hills. The Hills were informants of an unanswered love of the old ages go by. There are at least 1. 776 unvarying hills that leave visitants no wonder how they came to be. And that would stop our tour 2 twenty-four hours 1 dark Bohol Countryside Tour. I hope you had fun even merely for a brief period of clip. I enjoyed your company and I’ll be anticipating to see you here once more! Thank you so much! And it’s me. Queensy del Corro once more. subscribing off as your circuit usher.

Mimesis Definition and Use

Mimesis Definition and Use Mimesis is a  rhetorical term for the imitation, reenactment, or re-creation of someone elses words, ​the manner of speaking, and/or delivery.   As Matthew Potolsky notes in his book Mimesis (Routledge, 2006), the definition of mimesis is remarkably flexible and changes greatly over time and across cultural contexts (50). Here are some examples below.   Peachams Definition of Mimesis Mimesis is an imitation of speech whereby the Orator counterfeits not only what one said, but also his utterance, pronunciation, and gesture, imitating everything as it was, which is always well performed, and naturally represented in an apt and skillful actor.This form of imitation is commonly abused by flattering jesters and common parasites, who for the pleasure of those whom they flatter, do both deprave and deride other mens sayings and doings. Also this figure may be much blemished, either by excess or defect, which maketh the imitation unlike unto that it ought to be. (Henry Peacham, The Garden of Eloquence, 1593) Platos View of Mimesis In Platos Republic (392d), . . . Socrates criticizes the mimetic forms as tending to corrupt performers whose roles may involve expression of passions or wicked deeds, and he bars such poetry from his ideal state. In Book 10 (595a-608b), he returns to the subject and extends his criticism beyond dramatic imitation to include all poetry and all visual art, on the ground that the arts are only poor, third-hand imitations of true reality existing in the realm of ideas. . . .Aristotle did not accept Platos theory of the visible world as an imitation of the realm of abstract ideas or forms, and his use of mimesis is closer to the original dramatic meaning. (George A. Kennedy, Imitation. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, ed. by Thomas O. Sloane. Oxford University Press, 2001) Aristotles View of Mimesis Two basic but indispensable requirements for a better appreciation of Aristotles perspective on mimesis . . . deserve immediate foregrounding. The first is to grasp the inadequacy of the still prevalent translation of mimesis as imitation, a translation inherited from a period of neoclassicism is which its force had different connotations from those now available. . . . [T]he semantic field of imitation in modern English (and of its equivalents in other languages) has become too narrow and predominately pejorativetypically implying a limited aim of copying, superficial replication, or counterfeitingto do justice to the sophisticated thinking of Aristotle . . .. The second requirement is to recognize that we are not dealing here with a wholly unified concept, still less with a term that possesses a single, literal meaning, but rather with a rich locus of aesthetic issues relating to the status, significance, and effects of several types of artistic representation. (Stephen Halliwell, The Aesthetics of Mimesis: Ancient Texts and Modern Problems. Princeton University Press, 2002) Mimesis and Creativity [R]hetoric in the service of mimesis, rhetoric as imaging power, is far from being imitative in the sense of reflecting a preexistent reality. Mimesis becomes poesis, imitation becomes making, by giving form and pressure to a presumed reality . . ..(Geoffrey H. Hartman, Understanding Criticism, in A Critics Journey: Literary Reflections, 1958-1998. Yale University Press, 1999)[T]he tradition of imitatio anticipates what literary theorists have called intertextuality, the notion that all cultural products are a tissue of narratives and images borrowed from a familiar storehouse. Art absorbs and manipulates these narratives and images rather than creating anything wholly new. From ancient Greece to the beginnings of Romanticism, familiar stories and images circulated throughout Western culture, often anonymously. (Matthew Potolsky, Mimesis. Routledge, 2006)